How to Check If Your Turkey's Cooked to the Right Temperature (2024)

Straight to the Point

To cook your turkey to perfection, you need an instant-read thermometer. Our favorite instant-read thermometer is the ThermoWorks Thermapen ONE. For a budget-friendly pick, we like the ThermoWorks ThermoPop 2.

Want to guarantee that your turkey will be tender and juicy? Throw out the timing charts and forget about cooking "until the juices run clear." Just use a thermometer. It's the only way to guarantee perfectly cooked meat—provided that you know where to check the turkey's temperature and know what temperature it should be. For the best results, you want to check the turkey's temperature in three different locations: the deepest part of the breast, the joint between the thigh and the body, and the joint between the drumstick and the thigh.

This video will show you exactly how to do that.

2:32

The Right Way to Take the Temperature of Your Turkey

The government recommends cooking turkey breast to 165°F (74°C). I prefer my turkey breast at 150°F (66°F), at which point it is far, far juicier (especially if you dry brine it!). But is it safe?

Well, here's the thing: Industry standards for food safety are primarily designed to be simple to understand, usually at the expense of accuracy. The rules are set up in a way that any cook can follow then, no matter their skill level, and so that they're easily enforceable by health agencies. But for single-celled organisms, bacteria are surprisingly complex, and despite what any ServSafe chart might have you believe, they refuse to be categorized into a step function. The upshot is that food safety is a function of both temperature and time.

We Tested 18 Instant-Read Thermometers–Here Are Our Favorite Models

What the USDA is really looking for is a 7.0 log10 relative reduction in bacteria. That is, a reduction that ensures that out of every 10,000,000 bacteria living on that turkey to start, only one will survive.

Take a look at this simplified chart I drew using data from a USDA guide.

Pasteurization Time for Poultry With 5% Fat Content (7-log10 lethality)

TemperatureTime
136°F (58°C)65.3 minutes
140°F (60°C)29 minutes
145°F (63°C)10.8 minutes
150°F (66°C)3.7 minutes
155°F (68°C)1.2 minutes
160°F (71°C)26.1 seconds
165°F (74°C)Instant

According to the USDA's own data, as long as your turkey spends at least 3.7 minutes at or above 150°F (66°C), it is safe to eat. In other words, by the time it's done resting (you do let your turkey rest before carving, right?), you should be good to go.

Check out the video for how to take the temperature of your roasted turkey for more details.

How to Check If Your Turkey's Cooked to the Right Temperature (3)

The Thermapen remains the Cadillac of kitchen thermometers, with incredible speed, a nice long probe, high accuracy and precision, waterproof design, and a number of other nifty features. But if you don't want to spend $100 on a thermometer, opt for one of the winning models from our review of the best inexpensive digital thermometers (like the $35 ThermoPop 2). Both are accurate and reliable.

FAQs

What's the best thermometer for checking the temperature of a turkey?

There are a few options, including our favorite instant-read thermometer, the ThermoWorks Thermapen ONE, which is lightning-fast and accurate to ±0.5°F. We also like the ThermoWorks Thermopop 2, which is slightly more affordable, and the ThermoWorks ChefAlarm probe thermometer for keeping an eye on the temperature without having to keep opening the oven.

What temperature should a turkey be?

The food-safe temperature for a turkey is 165°F, and it's best to temp between the thigh bone and the breast. But, as we mentioned above, letting your turkey rest can bring it up to this temperature, so you don't necessarily have to take it out when it hits exactly 165°F.

How fast should a thermometer be?

The best thermometers have fast response times—within a few seconds. Our favorite thermometer, the Thermapen ONE, even boasts a blisteringly fast one-second response time.

Why We're the Experts

  • J. Kenji López-Alt was the former culinary director for Serious Eats. He is currently a columnist for the New York Times Cooking section.
  • Kenji has written numerous cookbooks, including The Food Lab: Better Home Cooking and The Wok: Recipes and Techniques.
  • We have extensively tested thermometers (including instant-read and probe), and have numerous recipes for roasting turkeys with tried-and-true techniques.

We Tested the New ThermoWorks ThermoPop 2—Here’s What We Found Out

  • Turkey Guides
How to Check If Your Turkey's Cooked to the Right Temperature (2024)

FAQs

How to Check If Your Turkey's Cooked to the Right Temperature? ›

Hold the thermometer still until the numbers stop increasing. If it is not ready, return it to the oven. According to the Department of Agriculture, a turkey must reach 165 degrees F to be safe, but you can take it out of the oven as low as 160 degrees F because the temperature will rise at it rests.

Is turkey done at 165 or 180? ›

Hold the thermometer still until the numbers stop increasing. If it is not ready, return it to the oven. According to the Department of Agriculture, a turkey must reach 165 degrees F to be safe, but you can take it out of the oven as low as 160 degrees F because the temperature will rise at it rests.

How do I make sure my turkey is done? ›

Check these places on your turkey and look for these temperatures:
  1. 180°F in thigh.
  2. 170°F in breast.
  3. 165°F in stuffing.

Is it better to cook a turkey at 325 or 350? ›

Roasting the bird slowly, at a lower temperature is the best way to achieve tender meat. You should still prep the bird with butter, salt, and pepper, as described above (or dry-brine it). To cook, set your oven to 325°F and roast for 3½ to 4 hours for a 12- to 14-pound bird.

Can turkey reach 165 but still be pink? ›

Only by using a food thermometer can one accurately determine that poultry has reached a safe minimum internal temperature of 165 °F throughout the product. Turkey can remain pink even after cooking to a safe minimum internal temperature of 165 °F. The meat of smoked turkey is always pink.

Is turkey safe to eat at 170 degrees? ›

First thing first: The Agriculture Department says that the safe internal temperature for a turkey is 165 degrees Fahrenheit. It recommends confirming this in the thickest part of the breast, innermost part of the thigh and innermost part of the wing. All those should be taken away from any bone.

How do you know when turkey is done without a meat thermometer? ›

To find out if your turkey is done without a thermometer, pierce the mid-thigh muscle with a fork, explains Johnson. "When the juices run clear, and no longer reddish or pink in color, it's a good indication that your turkey is done." In most cases, the deep thigh is the last part of the turkey to be done.

How long should a turkey rest after cooking? ›

How long to rest turkey. It is essential to rest your turkey for 30-45 mins before carving (the temperature will continue to rise, but there's no need to test). Put the bird in a warm place, tented with foil. It won't get cold, but it will become juicier and easier to carve.

How long to cook a 10 pound turkey? ›

Regular Oven 325°
WeightCook Time (Unstuffed)Cook Time (Stuffed)
7-10 lbs.2½-3 hrs.2¾-3½ hrs.
10-18 lbs.3-3½ hrs.3¾-4½ hrs.
18-22 lbs.3½-4 hrs.4½-5 hrs.
22-24 lbs.4-4½ hrs.5-5½ hrs.
2 more rows

What is the best temperature to cook a turkey? ›

Oven Temps: Best roasting is two stage process—425°F (218°C) for 1 hour, then down to 325°F (163°C) for however long it takes until the turkey is done. If you read a post telling you exactly “how long to cook a turkey,” hit the back button fast.

How to tell if turkey is cooked all the way? ›

The meat should feel soft and the leg will move easily when twisted. Another check is to run a long-tined fork into thick muscle; the meat should feel tender and the juice should show no pink tinge.

Do I leave a thermometer in turkey while cooking? ›

Oven-proof Thermometer

This should be inserted into the turkey at the beginning of the cooking time and remain inserted in the bird while cooking. The temperature indicator will rise slowly as the turkey cooks. An oven-proof thermometer is ideal for the whole turkey and the turkey breast.

What color is fully cooked turkey? ›

Turkey, fresh pork, ground beef or veal can remain pink even after cooking to temperatures of 160°F. and higher. The meat of smoked turkey is always pink. To understand some of the causes of “pinking” or “pinkening” in fresh turkey, it is important to know first what gives meat its natural color.

Can turkey be a little undercooked? ›

The color of cooked poultry is not always a sure sign of its safety. Only by using a food thermometer can one accurately determine that poultry has reached a safe minimum internal temperature of 165 °F throughout the product. Turkey can remain pink even after cooking to a safe minimum internal temperature of 165 °F.

How long does a precooked turkey take? ›

First, preheat your oven to 325° F. Remove the turkey from the aluminum foil wrapping and place in a roasting pan. Pour 1 cup of water in the bottom of the pan and cover the turkey with a tented sheet of aluminum foil. For a 10-12 pound cooked turkey, bake for one hour, or until the turkey is 125° F.

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