Biophilic Design in Architecture and Its Contributions to Health, Well-being, and Sustainability: A Critical Review (2024)

Abstract

In the last ten years, ‘nature’ and biophilic design have received widespread attention in architecture, especially in response to growing environmental challenges. However, open questions and controversies remain regarding conceptualizing and addressing ‘nature’ in practice and research. This study conducts a literature review to discuss biophilic design as a theoretical framework to interpret ‘nature’ in architecture. The following questions are answered: (1) How has the concept of biophilic design emerged, and how can it be defined? (2) In what ways can biophilic design contribute to the goals of sustainable architecture? (3) What are the key design strategies in biophilic design? This review identifies and compares the key frameworks of biophilic design and explains their major elements. We then analyse the benefits (e.g. enhance health, well-being, productivity, biodiversity, and circularity) of biophilic design in achieving sustainability, as framed through the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The results indicate that biophilic design is more complex and richer than the mere application of vegetation in buildings; it broadens the variety through encompassing different types of nature from physical, sensory, metaphorical, morphological, material to spiritual. Moreover, knowledge gaps are identified to motivate future research and critical reflections on biophilic design practices.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)114-141
Number of pages28
JournalFrontiers of Architectural Research
Volume11
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Feb 2022

Keywords

  • Biophilic design
  • Biophilic architecture
  • Sustainability
  • Sustainable architecture
  • Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
  • Nature-based solutions

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    Zhong, W., Schröder, T. W. A. (2022). Biophilic Design in Architecture and Its Contributions to Health, Well-being, and Sustainability: A Critical Review. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 11(1), 114-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2021.07.006

    Zhong, Weijie ; Schröder, Torsten W.A. ; Bekkering, Juliette D. / Biophilic Design in Architecture and Its Contributions to Health, Well-being, and Sustainability : A Critical Review. In: Frontiers of Architectural Research. 2022 ; Vol. 11, No. 1. pp. 114-141.

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    Zhong, W, Schröder, TWA 2022, 'Biophilic Design in Architecture and Its Contributions to Health, Well-being, and Sustainability: A Critical Review', Frontiers of Architectural Research, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 114-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2021.07.006

    Biophilic Design in Architecture and Its Contributions to Health, Well-being, and Sustainability: A Critical Review. / Zhong, Weijie (Corresponding author); Schröder, Torsten W.A.; Bekkering, Juliette D.
    In: Frontiers of Architectural Research, Vol. 11, No. 1, 02.2022, p. 114-141.

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

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    Zhong W, Schröder TWA, Bekkering JD. Biophilic Design in Architecture and Its Contributions to Health, Well-being, and Sustainability: A Critical Review. Frontiers of Architectural Research. 2022 Feb;11(1):114-141. doi: 10.1016/j.foar.2021.07.006

    Biophilic Design in Architecture and Its Contributions to Health, Well-being, and Sustainability: A Critical Review (2024)

    FAQs

    How does biophilic design help sustainability? ›

    Biophilic design is essential in sustainable architecture because it promotes energy efficiency, reduces environmental impact, and enhances human well-being by creating healthier living and working environments.

    What is the role of biophilic design in landscape architecture for health and wellbeing? ›

    Biophilic design aims to restore natural stimuli in our built and designed environments to protect, maintain, restore and enhance our physiological, cognitive and psychological connections with the natural world.

    What is the critique of biophilic design? ›

    In line with such arguments, this review identifies two main shortcomings of Biophilic design and its frameworks: While Biophilic design as a design approach aims to restore and enhance the Nature experiences within the built environment, the first limitation that this paper has identified is how the existing extant ...

    What is biophilic design approach for improving human health in the built environment? ›

    Biophilic design enhances people's physical, emotional, and cognitive well-being when incorporated into the built environment. the views of nature, plants, animals, and outdoor sceneries have the same psychological impact as being outside in a naturalistic setting.

    How does biophilic design affect health? ›

    One of the foremost benefits of biophilic design is its positive impact on mental health and overall well-being. Exposure to natural elements, such as sunlight, greenery and water features, has been linked to reduced stress, improved mood and enhanced cognitive function.

    How does biophilic design improve wellbeing? ›

    Ultimately, biophilic design draws on the fundamental connection people have with nature—and often, their instinct to preserve their own well-being. Providing broad visual access and comfortable, protected spaces naturally helps people feel safe and reduces stress.

    What are the main points of biophilic design? ›

    Biophilic spaces often include well-recognized features of the natural world. Features like vegetation, water, sunlight, and natural materials create a more pleasing visual and tactile experience. This principle can be applied on different scales.

    What is the significance of biophilic architecture? ›

    Biophilic architecture is a design philosophy that seeks to create buildings and spaces that connect people with nature. It incorporates natural elements, materials, and light to enhance the well-being and productivity of occupants and the built environment's sustainability.

    What is biophilic design in healthcare? ›

    Biophilia in hospitals incorporates rooms that have a view of nature. If that's a forest across the street, or a landscaped and maintained garden or atrium, it can reduce the time it takes for a patient to recover from an injury, operation or illness.

    What is the difference between biophilic and sustainable architecture? ›

    Biophilic design and sustainable design are two well-known design principles that revolve around nature, and yet both have vastly different purposes. Whilst one is dedicated to minimising the impacts on the natural world, the other is committed to maximising the health and happiness of the population.

    What are the disadvantages of biophilic design? ›

    Cons: Cost: Incorporating biophilic design into a workspace can be expensive. The cost of materials, design, and construction can be prohibitive for some businesses. Maintenance: Natural elements in the workplace require maintenance, including watering plants and cleaning up leaves and debris.

    What are the criticism of biophilia? ›

    Although there is little doubt that biophilia has an evolutionary origin, some researchers disagree that the attraction that humans feel for Nature has become fixed over the course of its evolution and criticize the evolutionary interpretation of biophilia (Joye and De Block, 2011; Joye and Van den Berg, 2011; Haga et ...

    How biophilic design is a new approach in urban sustainability? ›

    Biophilic planning and designing components appear to have a potential way of providing an indication of the sustainability impacts of an urban environment. It appears that biophilic design and planning led to achieving sustainable cities.

    What are the principles and benefits of biophilic design? ›

    Biophilic design has also shown to improve patient recovery times in hospitals, reduce crime rates in residential areas, and increase learning ability and test results in schools. These amazing results stem from the improved user experience of the building.

    What is the psychology behind biophilic design? ›

    The biophilia hypothesis posits an innate biological and genetic connection between human and nature, including an emotional dimension to this connection. Biophilic design builds on this hypothesis in an attempt to design human-nature connections into the built environment.

    How is biophilia sustainable? ›

    By incorporating features such as natural light, greenery, connections with natural systems, and dynamic elements of nature we cultivate spaces that resonate with the human spirit. This approach fosters not only well-being and productivity but also nurtures a connection to the environment.

    How does design impact sustainability? ›

    Sustainable design creates long-term solutions and helps societies ensure the well-being of their people and harmony with the environment for generations. Designers reduce waste by making products that are recyclable, compostable and even better - endlessly reusable.

    What is biophilia in interior design and its impact on achieving sustainability? ›

    2.2 Sustainability

    The biophilic design promotes energy efficiency, resource conservation, and climate adaptation by integrating natural elements and systems into architecture. Passive design strategies, such as natural ventilation and daylighting, can significantly reduce a building's energy consumption.

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